GNR-Based Diagnostics
Advantages of Lateral Flow Assays (LFA’s) as diagnostic tools
- Simple
- Fast
- Low-cost
- Rely on nanoparticles
- Can provide rapid results (eg. at-home pregnancy tests) at point-of-care.
![Lateral-FLow](https://www.sonanano.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/05/Lateral-FLow.png)
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How could Sona’s GNRs make a difference?
- Multiple test lines per unit
- Easy-to-read results from one small sample
- Potentially greater sensitivity could detect trace amounts of biomarkers
Applications:
Concussion Tests
Sona’s concussion screening test to being developed to be used at the scene of injury.
“We estimate that between 1.1 and 1.9 million sports and recreation related concussions occur annually in US children aged ≤18 years.”
American Academy of Pediatrics
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Sona’s concussion screening test being developed to be used at the scene of injury
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Biomarkers
Some concussion markers only elevate within hours or days
GFAP (Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein)
Released into the blood stream within minutes of a concussion
Assessments
Current tests rely on subjective cognitive assessment
GFAP to be multiplexed with other concussion biomarkers to create unique mTBI fingerprint
Relies on definitive biomarker identified associated with concussions
Time to result
Currently no readerless, rapid concussion test commercially available
Rapid lateral flow test at the scene
Validated in-lab with contrived concussion blood samples
Bovine Tuberculosis Tests
Being developed to provide early detection at low cost without the need for test-and-slaughter.
“With help from the NRC IRAP program and the collaboration with our partners in the UK, we hope to offer farmers a more effective method for early detection of bovine TB than is currently used to mitigate the spread of this debilitating disease.”
David Regan, CEO
Time to Result
No cost-effective early detection methods currently available
- A diagnosis through a skin test, turnaround of 48-72 hours
- Post-mortem examination and tissue culture, can take up to 12 weeks
Early detection at low cost without the need for test-and-slaughter
- Blood sample taken for rapid lateral flow test
- Associated app for tracking and reporting in minutes
Cost of Intervention
Once bTB is confirmed, all exposed animals in a herd are destroyed
Estimated costs of bovine TB control in UK to top £1 billion over the next decade
Rapid screening of individual animals, no need to destroy healthy cattle
Time to Result
Skin test cannot distinguish between infected and vaccinated cattle
Rapid screening of individual animals, no need to destroy healthy cattle
Validated in-lab with contrived concussion blood samples
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Sona Gold Nanorod ("GNR") Technology
Uniquely biocompatible
Unlocking of in-vivo medical applications potential
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Publications | Concussions
- Injury in review, 2020 edition: Spotlight on traumatic brain injuries across the life course - Traumatic Brain Injury–Related Emergency Department Visits, Hospitalizations, and Deaths — United States, 2007 and 2013 – PMC
- Epidemiology of severe traumatic brain injury - Surveillance Report of Traumatic Brain Injury-related Emergency Department Visits, Hospitalizations, and Deaths
- The impact of traumatic brain injuries: a global perspective – PubMed
- Publications & Reports | Concussion | Traumatic Brain Injury | CDC Injury Center
- Traumatic Brain Injury–Related Deaths by Race/Ethnicity, Sex, Intent, and Mechanism of Injury — United States, 2000–2017 | MMWR
- Traumatic Brain Injury: An Overview of Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Medical Management – ScienceDirect
- Estimating the global incidence of traumatic brain injury – PubMed
- Epidemiology of Traumatic Brain Injury in Europe: A Living Systematic Review | Journal of Neurotrauma
- Surveillance Report of Traumatic Brain Injury-related Emergency Department Visits, Hospitalizations, and Deaths